Williams or Williams-Beuren (WBS) is a developmental disorder with multisystemic manifestations. Chromosome 7 microdeletion underlying WBS occurs because of the unique genetic architecture in this region. Facial features change from subtle to dramatic. The extent of mental and development problems is variable. Cardiovascular, endocrine, and nervous system involvement mostly affect the morbidity and mortality. Although many systems are involved in this syndrome, portal hypertension and splenomegaly are scarcely reported. We report a case of William syndrome with moderate splenomegaly and portal hypertension.

The case of a 68-year-old female patient, without comorbidities, with a diagnosis of a large parapharyngeal abscess on the left, was reported by a neck CT scan, which evolved with spontaneous drainage and complete resolution of the peritonsillar bulging, completing the therapeutic plan with antibiotic therapy, without abscess recurrence. Clinical suspicion, associated with neck CT, is an indispensable item in the design of early treatment, in order to avoid complications.

Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide and is a mixture of related glycopeptides. Teicoplanin inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in sensitive bacteria by binding with high affinity to the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of cell wall precursor units. Because of its large molecular size, teicoplanin is unable to penetrate the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. The intravenous dosage of teicoplanin consists in a loading dose of 16 mg/kg followed by a maintenance dose of 8 mg/kg once-daily to infants aged < one month and in older infants the dosage of teicoplanin consists in a loading dose of 12 mg/kg twice-daily followed by a maintenance dose of 10 mg/kg once daily. In children, the oral dose is 100 to 200 mg twice-daily and the intravenous dosage consists in 12 mg/kg twice-daily followed by 12 mg/kg once-daily. Teicoplanin has been found efficacy and safe in infants and children. The elimination half-life of teicoplanin is 73.9 hours in infants and children and teicoplanin is cleared from the body by renal and extra-renal routes. The total body clearance of teicoplanin is 0.09 L/h in children aged < 12 months and 0.29 L/h in older children. The treatment and the prophylaxis with teicoplanin have been described in infants and children. Teicoplanin administered intravenously and/or intraventricularly treats the cerebral infections caused by staphylococci and enterococci. The aim of this study is to review the published data on teicoplanin dosing, efficacy and safety, pharmacokinetics, drug-interactions, treatment, prophylaxis, and penetrates into the cerebrospinal fluid in infants and children.

Burkitt’s lymphoma is a tumor that most often affects the jaws, most commonly seen in endemic areas of Africa, although the jaws are affected in about 15-18% in non-endemic regions, with prevalence in boys aged between 4-7 years. This is a 12-year-old male child that presented with right jaw painful swelling for more than six-months duration of onset. He was referred for plain radiographs of the jaw from a peripheral healthcare center. The jaw radiograph was done in anterior-posterior and oblique views of both sides respectively. The radiographs demonstrated a soft tissue density mass on the right, with associated destructive lytic lesion involving the right maxilla severelyand the right mandibleto a lesser extent. There is associated loss of lamina dura with severe dental anarchy involving the maxilla. The mandible showed lytic and expansile areas in its body with marked periosteal reaction; the sunray appearance. The contralateral maxilla and mandible have normal appearances. Complementary abdominal ultrasonography revealed normal appearances excluding abdominal involvement. Histology revealed the classic diffuse starry-sky appearance with benign histiocytes containing abundant, clear cytoplasm dispersed among a background of homogeneous, basophilic tumor cells, in keeping with Burkitt’s lymphoma. We report this case to describe the radiographic appearance of Burkitt’s lymphoma of the jaw bones.

PLs bilayers coating the major synovial joints such as knees and hips as the lubricant are responsible for the lubrication of articular cartilage. Lamellar-repulsive effect has been considered as a lubrication mechanism but it is likely that lubricin and hyaluronan with PLs participate in the lubrication process. The molecules of lubricin and hyaluronan adsorbed by PLs have a supportive role and provide the efficient lubrication of synovial joints via the hydration mechanism (~ 80% water content). Lipid profiles of injured and healthy knees’ synovial fluids show significant differences. The phospholipid content in synovial fluid (SF) during joint inflammation, osteoarthritis is significantly higher (2 to 3 times) above the normal concentration of PL, and has a poor boundary-lubricating ability because of deactivated PL molecules. Deactivated PL molecule has no ability to form bilayers, lamellar phases, and liposomes.